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Designers possess a profound ability to influence the built environment, creating spaces that support human health and well-being. Certain cities are healthier than others due to factors such as lower pollution levels, active lifestyles, rich cultural environments, and access to green infrastructure. Cities like Copenhagen, Denmark; Amsterdam, Netherlands; and Vancouver, Canada, are often cited among the healthiest cities in the world. Copenhagen and Amsterdam are renowned for their extensive cycling infrastructure, green spaces, active lifestyles, and clean air. Vancouver offers abundant outdoor activities, clean air, and a focus on locally sourced food.
Beyond urban settings, people often feel rejuvenated and at peace when immersed in nature, whether deep in the woods, by the ocean, or near a lake. This is not merely anecdotal; extensive research supports the health benefits of spending time in natural environments. Influential authors like Florence Williams (“The Nature Fix”), Edward O. Wilson (“Biophilia”), Richard Louv (“Last Child in the Woods”), and Dr. Stephen Kellert (“Birthright”) have discussed these topics. Edward O. Wilson’s concept of biophilia, which he defines as “the urge to affiliate with other forms of life,” highlights our intrinsic desire to connect with nature.
The KW design team has been creating residential, academic, and landscape infrastructure projects that enhance the quality of mental and physical health for all users. Below are several ways in which we consider biophilia and built form.
Nature-Based Play for Children
Incorporating natural elements into play areas for children can significantly enhance their development and well-being. Spaces that encourage creativity and imagination are essential for fostering a child’s growth. Allowing children to play in the dirt is also beneficial, as it exposes them to the microbiome in the soil, which can strengthen their immune systems. Research has shown that children who play in dirt have more diverse
microbiomes, linked to lower rates of allergies, asthma, and other immune-related conditions. Using non-toxic materials such as wood chips, boulders, grass, wood, and metal ensures these play areas are safe and environmentally friendly. By designing playgrounds that integrate natural features, we can create enriching environments that promote physical activity, social interaction, healthy immune systems, and cognitive development.
Promoting an Active Lifestyle through Residential Amenities
Residential areas designed with outdoor recreation in mind can greatly support an active lifestyle. Regular physical activity is crucial for maintaining good health, reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. Studies show that even moderate physical activity, like walking or cycling, can significantly improve mental health, reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Incorporating features such as pools, fitness areas, and flex lawns for outdoor yoga and group fitness can encourage residents to engage in regular physical activity. Trail networks for pedestrians and cyclists, enhanced with shade and scenic amenities like lakes, swales, streams, or old-growth forests, can make outdoor activities more enjoyable. Connecting these trails to small nodes and destinations further encourages their use, fostering a community that prioritizes health and wellness.
Supporting Students’ Physical and Mental Health in Educational Environments
Educational institutions can play a pivotal role in promoting the physical and mental health of students by having outdoor environments for learning, play, and community building. Developing bike networks and walking paths to enhance connectivity on campus can encourage students to incorporate physical activity into their daily routines. Studies have shown that students who have views of green spaces from their classrooms tend to have higher test scores and report higher levels of happiness compared to those with views of concrete or urban settings. These positive effects are attributed to reduced stress and increased concentration, fostering an environment that enhances academic performance. Research from the University of Illinois and findings published in “Frontiers in Psychology” suggest that regular exposure to natural environments supports cognitive development and emotional regulation, significantly benefiting educational outcomes. Our team advocates for views of green spaces from K12 and university classrooms. Such thoughtful design strategies can lead to improved concentration, reduced stress levels, and a greater sense of community among students.
Material Selection
The materials used in outdoor spaces also play a crucial role in creating healing environments. Selecting materials that are warmer in tone and emulate colors from nature can make these spaces more inviting and comfortable. Using organic and flowing forms can evoke a sense of harmony and relaxation. Choosing plant materials that exhibit seasonal changes can stimulate the mind and provide ongoing interest throughout the year. By selecting materials and incorporating natural elements, we can create outdoor spaces that are not only functional but also restorative.
At KW Landscape Architecture, we are dedicated to designing outdoor spaces that promote health and well-being. We draw inspiration from the concept of biophilia and the wealth of research highlighting the benefits of nature on human health. By integrating natural elements, supporting active lifestyles, enhancing educational environments, and carefully selecting materials, we create spaces that heal and enrich the lives of those who use them. Our approach is grounded in the belief that well-designed outdoor environments can profoundly impact human health, fostering communities that thrive both physically and mentally.
